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COURT OF APPEALS DECISION DATED AND RELEASED July 27, 1995 |
NOTICE |
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A party may file with the
Supreme Court a petition to review an adverse decision by the Court of
Appeals. See § 808.10 and
Rule 809.62, Stats. |
This opinion is subject to
further editing. If published, the
official version will appear in the bound volume of the Official Reports. |
No. 94-0116-CR
STATE
OF WISCONSIN IN COURT OF
APPEALS
DISTRICT IV
STATE OF WISCONSIN,
Plaintiff-Respondent,
v.
DAVID W. MATTISON,
Defendant-Appellant.
APPEAL from a judgment
and an order of the circuit court for Dane County: ROBERT A. DeCHAMBEAU,
Judge. Affirmed.
Before Eich, C.J.,
Gartzke, P.J., and Vergeront, J.
PER CURIAM. David Mattison appeals from a judgment
convicting him of first-degree intentional homicide, and from an order denying
his postconviction motion. The issues
are whether Mattison received effective assistance of trial counsel and whether
he should receive a new trial in the interests of justice. We conclude that he is not entitled to
relief on either ground. We therefore
affirm.
The jury convicted
Mattison in the beating death of Alan Dushack.
Mattison conceded that he fought with Dushack and hit him several
times. His theory of defense was,
however, that Dushack died of other causes, most likely from alcohol poisoning
or injuries caused after the fight by someone who carried and then accidentally
dropped him.
Mattison did not
testify. In his postconviction motion,
he asserted that his counsel refused to allow him to testify and did not inform
him that his testimony was necessary to establish self-defense. He also asserted that counsel neglected to
introduce other self-defense evidence, including Dushack's reputation for
violence and Mattison's concern over the risk to his already damaged eyes. Other instances of counsel's alleged
ineffectiveness included his failure to introduce evidence that (1) much
of the blood seen on Dushack came from a cut lip and not the fatal head wounds,
(2) a cigar tube at the scene probably fell out of Dushack's pocket when he was
picked up and carried after the fight, and (3) a witness was later seen washing
blood off his hands. The trial court
denied the motion, concluding that Mattison knowingly and voluntarily chose not
to raise self-defense or testify that counsel reasonably adopted Mattison's
strategic choices, and that the neglected evidence was not relevant.
To prove ineffective
assistance of trial counsel, the defendant must show that counsel's performance
was deficient and that counsel's errors or omissions prejudiced the
defense. State v. Pitsch,
124 Wis.2d 628, 633, 369 N.W.2d 711, 714 (1985). Deficient performance is measured by the objective standard of
what a reasonably prudent attorney would do in similar circumstances. Id. at 636-37, 369 N.W.2d at
716. Whether counsel's ineffective
representation prejudiced the defendant is a question of law, and we therefore
review it without deference to the circuit court's decision. Id. at 634, 369 N.W.2d at
715. We will uphold a trial court's
finding that trial counsel reasonably conducted the defense unless it is
clearly erroneous. State v.
Harvey, 139 Wis.2d 353, 380, 407 N.W.2d 235, 247 (1987).
The failure to have
Mattison testify or to pursue a self-defense theory cannot be attributed to
counsel. According to counsel's
testimony at the postconviction hearing, Mattison actively participated in his
own defense and made a knowing and voluntary strategic choice not to raise
self-defense or testify. The trial
court believed that testimony, and this court is bound to uphold the trial
court's finding unless it is clearly erroneous. State v. Weber, 174 Wis.2d 98, 111, 496 N.W.2d 762,
768 (Ct. App. 1993). There is nothing
in the record that would lead us to believe the trial court's finding was
clearly erroneous. Additionally,
because Mattison chose not to argue self-defense, evidence of Dushack's violent
history and Mattison's prior eye injury was irrelevant.
Furthermore, even if
Mattison's allegations were believed, he has not demonstrated that the selected
trial strategy prejudiced him.
Prejudice results when there is reasonable probability that but for
counsel's errors, the result of the proceeding would have differed. State v. Wirts, 176 Wis.2d
174, 183, 500 N.W.2d 317, 319 (Ct. App.), cert. denied, 114 S. Ct.
(1993). Here, it is very unlikely that
a self-defense theory would have succeeded.
It is undisputed that Mattison went looking for Dushack after they
threatened each other on the phone and agreed to fight later at a designated
location. Testimony established that
Mattison struck first, and the medical evidence showed that the beating
Mattison inflicted on Dushack went far beyond what was reasonably necessary to
protect himself.
Counsel reasonably
omitted the other evidence Mattison identified as significant. According to Mattison, the cigar tube
probably fell out of Dushack's pocket when he was carried off the street upside
down. That is, however, but one
speculative possibility out of many, even assuming the unestablished fact that
the cigar tube came from Dushack's pocket.
Even then, it would only prove that he was carried, not that he was then
dropped on his head and fatally injured.
The cut lip evidence was
also irrelevant. Even if it made the
photographs of Dushack seem bloodier than they otherwise would have been, the
fact remains that he died of head injuries after fighting with Mattison. He did not bleed to death.
Counsel reasonably chose
not to introduce the evidence of the witness's bloody hands. There is no allegation that the witness
struck Dushack. The relevance of the
bloody hand, according to Mattison, is that it proves that the witness saw
little of the Mattison-Dushack fight because he was engaged in his own fight
with another man. However, the witness
admitted he was facing another man and saw little of the fatal incident. The bloody hand evidence is merely
cumulative on a nondisputed point.
Mattison is not entitled
to a new trial in the interest of justice.
We may in our discretion order a new trial where the real controversy
has not been tried. Section 752.35, Stats.
According to Mattison, that untried controversy concerns his
self-defense theory. As we have noted,
however, the trial court found that Mattison knowingly selected his trial strategy. Having lost with that strategy, he cannot
now employ § 752.35 to try out another.
State v. Hubanks, 173 Wis.2d 1, 29, 496 N.W.2d 96, 106
(Ct. App. 1992).
By the Court.—Judgment
and order affirmed.
This opinion will not be
published. See Rule 809.23(1)(b)5, Stats.